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«Functions of Management»
- 27 страниц
- 2015 год
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Introduction
What is management? The set of core activities that defines the role of managers in a business environment. The four functions of management include planning, or deciding upon business goals and the methods to achieve them; organizing, or determining the best allocation of people and resources; directing, or motivating, instructing, and supervising workers assigned to the activity; and control, or analyzing metrics during business activities to ensure completion of tasks and identify areas for improvement.
Research and analysis of functions of management is urgent problem indeed. Management combines characteristics of science and art. In the first place management means direction of people, therefore it is impossible to formalize it. But we can mark out some functions of management. So accurate compliance with management functions allows your organization with the best profit and efficiency. In this work you can find description of each management function and some advices to improve them.
The present paper is devoted to the problems of management. This work is aimed at analysis of four functions of management. The following tasks are to be solved in this paper:
to decide how much functions management has;
to review all functions of management;
to discuss the main ways of improving functions of management;
The books and articles of the following authors constitute the theoretical basis for this work: Bernard L. Erven, Henri Fayol, James Higgins, Jayashree Pakhare and others. They discussed different theoretical and practical problems of the matter of this course paper.
In this paper, I attempt to clarify the interdependence of management functions. To do so, I first present all functions then described each one in details.
The structure of this course paper is as follows. The first part reviews management history. Part 2–3 dwells on each function of management. The final part summarizes the whole work.
Contents
Introduction 6
Chapter 1. Management as a social being. 7
1.1 What is management? 7
1.2 Historical development 8
Chapter 2. Functions of Management 10
2.1 Planning 11
2.2 Organizing 13
2.3 Directing (leading). 16
2.4 Controlling 19
Chapter 3. The analysis of a firm from management functions point of view. 22
Conclusion 25
References 26
Glossary 27
Conclusion
Summing up the results of the conducted analysis the following conclusions can be made:
Management operates through various functions. To decide how much functions management has I compared some viewpoints of scientists. I think that management has only four functions:
«Planning: deciding what needs to happen in the future (today, next week, next month, next year, over the next 5 years, etc.) and generating plans for action.
Organizing: (implementation) making optimum use of the resources required to enable the successful carrying out of plans.
Directing: determining what needs to be done in a situation and getting people to do it.
Controlling: monitoring, checking progress against plans, which may need modification based on feedback». [7]
In addition, in the paper you can find general rules to improve communication, which is the part of directing, and organizing.
As you can see competent performance of all management functions ensures an organization stability of development, high profitability and efficiency. Planning helps to work out strategy. Organizing is responsible for creation the structure of company. Directing makes people to follow strategy. Controlling checks running of the whole company.
References
1. Bernard L. Erven (2003). The Five Functions of Management: The Foundation of ManagementExcel. Retrieved March 29, 2009, from: http://extension.osu.edu/~mgtexcel/Function.html
2. Henri Fayol (1916). Model: Five functions of management. Retrieved March 30, 2009, from: http://www.provenmodels.com/3
3. James Higgins, The Management Challenge, Second edition, Macmillan, 1994.
4. Jayashree Pakhare (25.09.2007). Management Concepts – The Four Functions of Management. Retrieved March 29, 2009, from: http://www.buzzle.com/articles/management-concepts-the-four-functions-of-management.html
5. Management. Business Dictionary. Retrieved 29 November 2012.
6. Manfred F. R. Kets de Vries The Dark Side of Leadership - Business Strategy Review 14(3), Autumn Page 26, 2003.
7. Unknown author (2009). Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: Management. Retrieved March 29, 2009, from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management#Basic_functions_of_management
8. Four functions of management, from: http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/four-functions-of-management.html
9. The Role of HR in Uncertain Times. Economist Intelligence Unit. Economist Intelligence Unit. Retrieved 18 January 2015.
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